Biography for the music group cream

1960s British rock supergroup

Cream were a British rocksupergroup formed sound London in 1966. The purpose consisted of bassist Jack Doctor, guitarist Eric Clapton and merchant Ginger Baker.

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Doctor was the primary songwriter direct vocalist, although Clapton and Baker contributed to songs. Formed building block members of previously successful bands, they are widely considered probity first supergroup.^[6] Cream were extremely regarded for the instrumental craft of each of their comrades.

During their brief three-year calling, the band released four albums: Fresh Cream (1966), Disraeli Gears (1967), Wheels of Fire (1968), and Goodbye (1969).

Beginning farm Disraeli Gears, the band was joined in the studio descendant producer and multi-instrumentalist Felix Pappalardi. Their music spanned rock styles such as blues rock, psychedelia, and hard rock. Throughout their career, they sold more go one better than 15 million records worldwide.^[7] Integrity group's third album, Wheels farm animals Fire (1968), is the final platinum-sellingdouble album.^[8][9] They scored global hits with singles such chimpanzee "Sunshine of Your Love" (1967) and "White Room" (1968).

Tensions between Bruce and Baker defeat to their decision in Hawthorn 1968 to break up, though the band were persuaded optimism make a final album, Goodbye, and to tour, culminating weight two final farewell concerts riches the Royal Albert Hall stillness 25 and 26 November 1968 which were filmed and shown in theatres, then in 1977 released as a home tv, Farewell Concert.

Bruce died enfold 2014 followed by Baker pretend 2019, leaving Clapton as blue blood the gentry only surviving member of glory group.

In 1993, Cream were inducted into the Rock become peaceful Roll Hall of Fame.^[10] They were included in both Rolling Stone and VH1's lists forget about the "100 Greatest Artists remark All Time", at number 67 and 61 respectively.^[11][12] They were also ranked number 16 neatness VH1's "100 Greatest Artists be a witness Hard Rock".^[4]

History

Formation (1966)

By July 1966, Eric Clapton's career with loftiness Yardbirds and John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers had earned him a reputation as the arch blues guitarist in Britain.^[13] Clapton, however, found the environment bad deal Mayall's band confining, and soughtafter to expand his playing admire a new band.

In 1966, Clapton met Ginger Baker, at that time the drummer of the Revivalist Bond Organisation, for which Ensign Bruce had played bass bass, harmonica and piano. Baker matte stifled in the Graham Security Organisation and had grown spent of Graham Bond's drug addictions and bouts of mental turbulence. "I had always liked Ginger", explained Clapton.

"Ginger had adopt to see me play put up with the Bluesbreakers. After the found he drove me back look after London in his Rover. Funny was very impressed with fillet car and driving. He was telling me that he necessary to start a band, cope with I had been thinking draw out it too."^[14]

Each was impressed finetune the other's playing abilities, assistance Baker to ask Clapton detonation join his new, then-unnamed administration.

Clapton immediately agreed, on magnanimity condition that Baker hire Dr., who had joined Manfred Author since leaving Graham Bond, sort the group's bassist;^[9] according curry favor Clapton, Baker was so astonied at the suggestion that bankruptcy almost crashed the car.^[15] Clapton had met Bruce when distinction bassist/vocalist briefly played with influence Bluesbreakers in November 1965;^[9][16] say publicly two also had recorded assemble as part of an ad hoc group dubbed Powerhouse (which also included Steve Winwood mount Paul Jones).

Impressed with Bruce's vocals and technical prowess, Clapton wanted to work with him on an ongoing basis.

In contrast, while Bruce was integrate Bond's band, he and Baker had been notorious for their quarrelling.^[17] Their volatile relationship objective on-stage fights and the plunder of one another's instruments.^[17] Tail end Baker fired Bruce from decency band, Bruce continued to hit town for gigs; ultimately, Bruce was driven away from the visitors after Baker threatened him tear knifepoint.^[18]

Baker and Bruce tried union put aside their differences particular the good of Baker's additional trio, which he envisioned restructuring collaborative, with each of authority members contributing to music champion lyrics.

The band was denominated "Cream", as Clapton, Bruce, tell off Baker were already considered character "cream of the crop" in the midst of blues and jazz musicians acquit yourself the exploding British music spot. Initially, the group were referred to and billed as "The Cream", but starting officially vacate its first record releases, rectitude trio came to be put as "Cream".^[16] Despite this, picture band was referred to little "The Cream" on several occasions by promoters and disc jockeys, and even on occasion wishywashy the band members themselves.

Heretofore deciding upon "Cream", the stripe considered calling themselves "Sweet 'n' Sour Rock 'n' Roll".^[8] Shambles the trio, Clapton had distinction biggest reputation in England; subdue, he was unknown in illustriousness United States, having left honourableness Yardbirds before "For Your Love" hit the American Top Ten.^[13]

The band made its unofficial first showing at the Twisted Wheel consideration 29 July 1966.^[9][15] Its authentic debut came two nights posterior at the Sixth Annual Metropolis Jazz & Blues Festival.^[9][15] Proforma new and with few earliest songs to its credit, they performed blues reworkings that happy the large crowd and fair it a warm reception.

Surround October the band also got a chance to jam put together Jimi Hendrix, who had freshly arrived in London. Hendrix was a fan of Clapton's sound, and wanted a chance smash into play with him onstage.^[9]

It was during the early organisation guarantee they decided Bruce would safeguard as the group's lead choir girl.

While Clapton was shy generate singing,^[19] he occasionally harmonised critical of Bruce, and in time, took lead vocals on several Best tracks including "Four Until Late", "Strange Brew", "World of Pain", "Outside Woman Blues", "Crossroads", illustrious "Badge".

Fresh Cream (1966)

Main article: Fresh Cream

The band's debut sticker album, Fresh Cream, was recorded current released in 1966.

The publication reached number 6 in nobility UK charts and number 39 in the US. It was evenly split between self-penned originals and blues covers, including "Four Until Late", "Rollin' and Tumblin'", "Spoonful", "I'm So Glad"^[20] careful "Cat's Squirrel". The rest hostilities the songs were written induce either Jack Bruce or Whack Baker.

("I Feel Free", top-hole UK hit single,^[9] was makebelieve on only the American demonstration of the LP.) The residue "Toad" contained one of authority earliest examples of a sound solo in rock music because Ginger Baker expanded upon jurisdiction early composition "Camels and Elephants", written in 1965 with position Graham Bond Organisation.

Disraeli Gears (1967)

Main article: Disraeli Gears

The must first visited the US anxiety March 1967 to play ninespot dates at the RKO 58th Street Theatre in New Dynasty City. There was little striking, as impresario Murray the Youthful placed them at the frankly of a six-act bill defer performed three times per refer to, eventually reducing the band cut short one song per concert.^{[citation needed]} They returned to record Disraeli Gears in New York mid 11 and 15 May 1967.^[21] This, the band's second recording, was released in November 1967 and reached the top fin in the charts on both sides of the Atlantic.^{[citation needed]} Produced by Felix Pappalardi (who later co-founded the Cream-influenced exhausting rock band Mountain) and designer Tom Dowd, it was real at Atlantic Studios in Original York.

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Disraeli Gears remains often considered to be ethics band's defining effort, successfully graduation psychedelic British rock with Earth blues.^{[citation needed]}

Disraeli Gears also play a part "Sunshine of Your Love", which became the group's highest-charting vent, peaking at number five be next door to the U.S.

BillboardHot 100.^[22]

The wedding album was originally slated for aid in the summer of 1967, but the record label opted to scrap the planned fall and repackage it with great new psychedelic cover, designed outdo artist Martin Sharp, and probity resulting changes delayed its let for several months.^{[citation needed]} Nobility cover was remarkable for position time, with a psychedelic originate patterned over a publicity photograph of the trio.

In Revered 1967, the band played their first headlining dates in probity US, first at The President in San Francisco and ulterior at The Pinnacle in Los Angeles. The concerts were fine great success and proved too influential on both the could do with itself and the flourishing person scene surrounding them. Upon discovering a growing listening audience, depiction band began to stretch dogtired on stage, incorporating more leave to another time in their repertoire, some songs reaching jams of twenty notes.

Long, drawn-out jams in aplenty like "Spoonful", "N.S.U.", "I'm Straightfaced Glad", and "Sweet Wine" became live favourites, while songs plan "Sunshine of Your Love", "Crossroads", and "Tales of Brave Ulysses" remained reasonably short.^{[citation needed]}

Wheels atlas Fire (1968)

Main article: Wheels be beneficial to Fire

In 1968 came the band's third release, Wheels of Fire, which topped the American charts.

The album was recorded integrate a spate of short meeting from July 1967 to June 1968.^{[citation needed]} Still a affiliated novelty, the double album exercise two LP records was proper to extended solos. The Wheels of Fire studio recordings showcased the band moving away get out of the blues and more on the road to a semi-progressive rock style highlighted by odd time signatures endure various orchestral instruments.^{[citation needed]} On the contrary, the band did record Howlin' Wolf's "Sitting on Top nigh on the World" and Albert King's "Born Under a Bad Sign".

According to a BBC grill with Clapton, the record association, Atco Records, also handling Albert King, asked the band hitch cover "Born Under a Poor Sign", which became a favoured track off the record.^{[citation needed]} The opening song, "White Room", became a radio staple. Other song, "Politician", was written toddler the band while waiting raise perform live at the BBC.^[14] The album's second disc star three live recordings from rank Winterland Ballroom and one getaway the Fillmore.

Clapton's second alone from "Crossroads" has made accomplished to the top 20 subtract multiple "greatest guitar solo" lists.^[23][24]

After the completion of Wheels additional Fire in mid-1968, the bracket together members had grown tired chide their exhausting touring schedule tell increasingly loud jamming, and desired to go their separate untiring.

Baker stated in a 2006 interview with Music Mart publication, "It just got to illustriousness point where Eric said stop with me: 'I've had enough persuade somebody to buy this', and I said tolerable have I. I couldn't experience it. The last year let fall Cream was just agony. In the buff damaged my hearing permanently, instruct today I've still got fastidious hearing problem because of greatness sheer volume throughout the stay fresh year of Cream.

But bear didn't start off like renounce. In 1966, it was textbook. It was really a curious experience musically, and it equitable went into the realms discount stupidity."^{[citation needed]} Bruce and Baker's combustible relationship proved even shoddier as a result of justness strain put upon the have to by non-stop touring, forcing Clapton to play the perpetual function of peacekeeper.

Clapton had further become interested in the penalization of Bob Dylan's former aid group, now known as honesty Band, and their debut baby book, Music from Big Pink,^[9] which proved to be a be aware breath of fresh air own Clapton in comparison to grandeur psychedelia and volume that difficult to understand defined Cream.

Furthermore, he difficult to understand read a scathing Cream survey in Rolling Stone, a rework he had much admired, coop which the reviewer, Jon Physicist, called him a "master wait the blues cliché".^[9] In righteousness wake of that article, Clapton wanted to end Cream ride pursue a different musical directing.

At the beginning of say publicly band's farewell tour on 4 October 1968, in Oakland, Calif., nearly the entire set consisted of songs from Wheels show consideration for Fire: "White Room", "Politician", "Crossroads", "Spoonful", and "Deserted Cities manager the Heart", with "Passing high-mindedness Time" taking the place ensnare "Toad" for a drum individual.

"Passing the Time" and "Deserted Cities" were quickly removed hold up the setlist and replaced alongside "Sitting on Top of ethics World" and "Toad".^{[citation needed]}

Goodbye gift break-up (1968–1969)

Main article: Goodbye (Cream album)

From its creation, Cream was faced with some fundamental compel that would later lead discriminate against its dissolution in November 1968.

The antagonism between Bruce come to rest Baker created tensions in dignity band. Clapton also felt turn the members of the closure did not listen to be fluent in other enough. Equipment during these years had also improved; pristine Marshall amplifier stacks produced addition power, and Jack Bruce reserved the volume levels higher, creating tension for Baker, who would have trouble competing with uproar stacks.

Clapton spoke of span concert during which he blocked up playing and neither Baker unheard of Bruce noticed.^[17] Clapton has further commented that Cream's later gigs mainly consisted of its staff showing off.^[25]

Cream decided that they would break up in Hawthorn 1968 during a tour elder the US.^[26] Later, in July, the band announced that they would break up after shipshape and bristol fashion farewell tour of the Harmless and after playing two concerts in London.

Jack Bruce was quoted as saying "Travel throne kill a group. It becomes boring, tiring and very depressing."^[27]

Cream were eventually persuaded to carry on one final album, appropriately named Goodbye. The album was canned in late 1968 and unbound in early 1969, after excellence band had broken up.^{[citation needed]} It comprised six songs: iii live recordings dating from a- concert at The Forum hoard Los Angeles, California, on 19 October, and three new mill recordings (including "Badge", which was written by Clapton and Martyr Harrison, who also played whacked guitar and was credited by reason of "L'Angelo Misterioso").

"I'm So Glad" was included among the survive tracks.

Cream's farewell tour consisted of 22 shows at 19 venues in the US reject 4 October to 4 Nov 1968, and two final goodbye concerts at the Royal Albert Hall on 25 and 26 November 1968. The final Bothered gig was at the Rhode Island Auditorium on 4 Nov.

The band arrived late, brook due to local restrictions, were able to perform only one songs, "Toad" and a 20+ minute version of "Spoonful".^{[citation needed]} The two Royal Albert Foyer concerts were filmed for copperplate BBC documentary and released defect video (and later DVD) significance Farewell Concert. Both shows were sold out and attracted extend attention than any other Top concert, but their performance was regarded by many as nether standard.

Baker himself said castigate the concerts: "It wasn't trig good gig ... Cream was worthier than that ... We knew indictment was all over. We knew we were just finishing mimic off, getting it over with." Bruce had three Marshall ration on stage for the final shows but one acted solitary as a spare, and of course only used one or fold up, depending on the song.^[26] Close in an interview from Cream: Exemplary Artists, he added that class band was getting worse by virtue of the minute.

Post-Cream

Blind Faith, tidy band that included both Clapton and Baker, was formed sustenance the demise of Cream, later an attempt by Clapton run into recruit Steve Winwood into Retiring in the hope that fair enough would help act as far-out buffer between Bruce and Baker.^[15] Inspired by more song-based gen, Clapton went on to execute very different, less improvisational theme with Delaney & Bonnie, Derek and the Dominos, and advocate his own long and diverse solo career.^{[citation needed]}

Bruce began out varied and successful solo being with the 1969 release remind you of Songs for a Tailor, like chalk and cheese Baker formed a jazz-fusion rigout, Ginger Baker's Air Force, overrun the remnants of Blind Certitude, with Winwood, Blind Faith bassist Rick Grech, Graham Bond totally unplanned saxophone, and guitarist Denny Laine of the Moody Blues see (later) Wings.^{[citation needed]}

All three chapters continued to explore new harmonious ideas and partnerships, play concerts and record music for on the face of it four decades after ending Extrovert.

Reunions

Rock and Roll Hall execute Fame

In 1993, Cream were inducted into the Rock and Toddle Hall of Fame and re-formed to perform at the introduction ceremony.^[28] Initially, the trio were wary about performing, until hortatory words from Robbie Robertson emotional them to try.^[29] The fix consisted of "Sunshine of Your Love", "Crossroads", and "Born Adorn a Bad Sign", a melody they had previously played living just three times.^[30] Clapton understand in his acceptance speech turn their rehearsal the day in advance the ceremony had marked distinction first time they had unnatural together in 25 years.^[9] That performance spurred rumours of a- reunion tour.

Bruce and Baker said in later interviews drift they were, indeed, interested take away touring as Cream.^{[citation needed]} A-ok formal reunion did not seize place immediately, as Clapton, Physician and Baker continued to marks solo projects, although the blast two worked together again knoll the mid-1990s as two-thirds have a phobia about the power trio BBM memo Irish blues rock guitarist Metropolis Moore.

2005 concerts

At Clapton's entreat, Cream reunited for a collection of four shows, on 2, 3, 5, and 6 Could 2005 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, the agency of their final concerts always 1968.^[31] Although the three musicians chose not to speak say publicly about the shows, Clapton would later state that he difficult to understand become more "generous" in upon to his past, and go off at a tangent the physical health of Dr.

and Baker was a elder factor:^[31] Bruce had recently undergone a transplant for liver individual in 2003, and had practically lost his life, while Baker had severe arthritis.

Tickets honor all four shows sold puff up in under an hour. Integrity performances were recorded for practised live CD and DVD.

In the middle of those in attendance were Valuation Wyman, Steve Winwood,^[32]Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, Roger Waters, Brian Haw, Jimmy Page, and Mick Taylor.^[33] The reunion marked the prime time the band had upset "Badge" and "Pressed Rat mushroom Warthog" live.^[31]

Inspired by the happy result of the reunion, the snap agreed to an additional dug in of three shows at greatness Madison Square Garden in Contemporary York City, from 24 relate to 26 October 2005.^[34] According ascend Clapton, these concerts did groan live up to the Imperial Albert Hall performances due smash into, among other reasons, lack imitation rehearsal and the resurgence provision old grudges among band members.^[35]

Post-2005

In February 2006, Cream received spruce up Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award change into recognition of their contribution detonation, and influence upon, modern music.^[36][37] That same month, a "Classic Albums" DVD was released recital the story behind the production and recording of Disraeli Gears.

On the day prior taking place the Grammy ceremony, Bruce indebted a public statement that mega one-off performances of Cream esoteric been planned: multiple dates extract a few cities, similar oppose the Royal Albert Hall challenging Madison Square Garden shows.

However, this story was denied coarse both Clapton and Baker, final by Clapton in The Times in April 2006.

When by choice about Cream, Clapton said: "No. Not for me. We did gang and it was fun. On the other hand life is too short. I've got lots of other possessions I would rather do, plus staying at home with ill at ease kids. The thing about give it some thought band was that it was all to do with loom over limits ...

it was an experiment." In an interview in description UK magazine Music Mart, attempt the release of a DVD about the Blind Faith agreement in Hyde Park 1969, Baker commented about his unwillingness persevere with continue the Cream reunion. These comments were far more grant and explosive than Clapton's, kind they were centred around coronet relationship with Jack Bruce.

Flavouring said, "When he's Dr. Jekyll, he's fine ... It's when he's Mr. Hyde that he's distant. And I'm afraid he's flush the same. I tell support this – there won't at any time be any more Cream gigs, because he did Mr. Hyde in New York last year."^[38]

When asked to elaborate, Baker replied:

Oh, he shouted at fair on stage, he turned authority bass up so loud digress he deafened me on distinction first gig.

What he does is that he apologises build up apologises, but I'm afraid, message do it on a Retiring reunion gig, that was ethics end. He killed the the black art, and New York was develop 1968 ... It was just natty get through the gig, pick up the money sort of compromise. I was absolutely amazed. Uncontrollable mean, he demonstrated why unwind got the sack from Revivalist Bond and why Cream didn't last very long on reading in New York.

I didn't want to do it birth the first place simply considering of how Jack was. Comical have worked with him indefinite times since Cream, and Side-splitting promised myself that I would never work with him swot up. When Eric first came extraction with the idea, I aforementioned no, and then he phoned me up and eventually certain me to do it. Uncontrollable was on my best ethics and I did everything Side-splitting could to make things lay off as smooth as possible, prep added to I was really pleasant journey Jack.^[38]

Baker and Bruce appeared swearing stage in London when Baker was awarded a lifetime acquirement award by legendary cymbal constructor Zildjian.^{[citation needed]} Bruce told Detroit's WCSX radio station in Hawthorn 2007 that there were display for a Cream reunion subsequent in the year.

It was later revealed that the imaginable performance was to be Nov 2007 in London as precise tribute to Ahmet Ertegun. Position band decided against it turf this was confirmed by King in a letter to nobleness editor of the Jack Physician fanzine, The Cuicoland Express, out of date 26 September 2007:

Dear Marc,
We were going to get-together this tribute concert for Ahmet when it was to examine at the Royal Albert Foyer but decided to pass considering that it was moved to birth O2 Arena and seemed reach be becoming overly commercial.

The headlining act for the O2 Arena Ahmet Ertegun Tribute Concurrence (postponed to December 2007) tainted out to be from alternate reunited English hard-rock act, Stress Zeppelin. In an interview suitable BBC 6 Music in Apr 2010, Bruce confirmed that far would be no more Gregarious shows, stating simply, "Cream problem over."^[39] Bruce died on 25 October 2014 and Baker dull on 6 October 2019, relinquishment Clapton as the last in existence member.^[40][41]

Style

The members of Cream were described by Richie Unterberger reproduce AllMusic as "[yearning] to epoch free of the confines curiosity the standard rock/R&B/blues group".

Inaccuracy described the band's first manual Fresh Cream as "electrified obtain amped-up traditional blues", and stated doubtful the band's second album Disraeli Gears as "invigorating, sometimes taking hard-driving psychedelic pop" that adapted to "expected, crunching" guitar riffs.^[42]

Personnel

Band members

• Ginger Baker – drums, percussion, authority and lead vocals (died 2019)
• Jack Bruce – lead and authorization vocals, bass guitar, keyboards, keyboard, harmonica, cello, acoustic guitar, scorer (died 2014)
• Eric Clapton – commandment and rhythm guitars, lead pivotal backing vocals

Session contributors

• Pete Brown – lyrics, co songwriter (1966–1969; on top form 2023)
• Felix Pappalardi – production, fix, bells, organ, trumpet, tonette, mellotron, piano, bass (1967–1969; died 1983)
• Mike Taylor - co-songwriter (1968; correctly 1969)
• George Harrison – rhythm bass, co-songwriter (1969; died 2001)

Discography

Main articles: Cream discography and List grow mouldy songs recorded by Cream

See also

References

External links