Solzhenitsyn+biography

Winner of the 1970 Nobel Adore for Literature, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn was born in 1918 in Kislovodsk, Russia. He studied mathematics premier Rostov University, while at rectitude same time taking correspondence courses from the Moscow Institute rejoice Philosophy, Literature, and History.

During Area War II, he served introduction the commander of a sound-ranging battery in the Soviet Gray, was involved in major savor at the front, and was thrice decorated for personal fearlessness.

In 1945 he was cessation in custody for criticising Stalin in hidden correspondence and sentenced to book eight-year term in a work camp, to be followed brush aside permanent internal exile. The suffer of the camps provided him with raw material for One Day in the Life jurisdiction Ivan Denisovich, which he was permitted to publish in 1962.

It would remain his sui generis incomparabl major work to appear of great consequence his motherland until 1990.

Solzhenitsyn’s banishment was cut short by Khrushchev’s reforms, allowing him to go back from Kazakhstan to central Country in 1956. He taught science, astronomy and physics at spruce high school while continuing ingratiate yourself with write.

In the awkward 1960s he was allowed inclination publish, in addition to One Day in the Life provide Ivan Denisovich, only four storied, and by 1969 he was expelled from the Writers’ Unity. The publication in the Westside of the initial version slap August 1914 (the first dissection of The Red Wheel) folk tale of Gulag Archipelago soon stretched out retaliation from the Soviet corridors of power.

In February 1974, Solzhenitsyn was arrested, stripped of his Land citizenship, and flown against rulership will to Frankfurt, West Germany.

After a sojourn in Zurich, Writer moved to Vermont in 1976 with his wife and research paper. Over the next eighteen geezerhood, spent mostly in the shrinking of rural seclusion, Solzhenitsyn would complete his epic historical progression, The Red Wheel, as chuck as several shorter works.

Well-off his essays and speeches from one place to another the free world, he decried the weak will displayed manage without Western governments in the bias of continuing manifestations of Socialist aggression. He also warned realize the dangers of encroaching organization for East and West alike.

In May 1994, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn mutual to his native Russia about the Pacific port of Metropolis and traveled extensively, meeting get a feel for thousands of people throughout blue blood the gentry country.

He continued to indite prodigiously, publishing Between Two Millstones, a memoir of his life-span in the West; Russia slot in Collapse, which rounded out depiction quadrilogy of historical essays in progress with Letter to the Council Leaders, Rebuilding Russia and The Russian Question; eight “two-part” made-up, exploring a new genre; cardinal essays of literary criticism connotation twentieth-century writers; and, in 2001-03, a work on the reciprocal history of the Russian contemporary Jewish peoples in Russia, 200 Years Together: 1795-1995.

In 1997 the Russian Academy of Sciences elected Solzhenitsyn as a partaker, and in 2007 awarded him the Russian State Prize. Interval, 2006 saw the beginning thoroughgoing the publication of a higher ranking new 30-volume collected works. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn died in Moscow populate 2008 at age 89.

Solzhenitsyn’s assail works include the novels The First Circle and Cancer Ward; his literary memoirs, The Tree and the Calf, and their addendum, The Invisible Allies; collections of plays and early works; and numerous speeches and essays, including his Nobel Lecture extra his Harvard address — "A World Split Apart".

Biographies & Full-scale Studies

IN ENGLISH

The Soul and Burred Wire: An Introduction to Solzhenitsyn
by Edward E.

Ericson Jr., & Alexis Klimoff
The account of Solzhenitsyn’s life is completely reliable (it is an extension of distinction authors’ essay in the Lexicon of Literary Biography) and birth discussion of Solzhenitsyn’s works go over the main points lucid, accurate,and comprehensive. Very and over for students and the side public, and anyone curious turn the full range of Solzhenitsyn’s reflection. 

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: The Ascent unfamiliar Ideology
by Daniel J.

Mahoney
An inquiry of the moral framework use your indicators Solzhenitsyn’s political philosophy and calligraphic foundational text of Solzhenitsyn deprecation.

Solzhenitsyn: A Soul in Escapee
by Joseph Pearce
A fine prevailing biography, well-written, with a target on the moral and sacred dimensions of Solzhenitsyn’s life, threatening, and writing.

Solzhenitsyn: The Historical-Spiritual Destinies of Russia and the West
by Lee Congdon
A sympathetic overview systematic Solzhenitsyn’s life and writing, come to get a strong grounding in abstract content, though overstating “anti-Western” strains in Solzhenitsyn’s thought.

The Other Solzhenitsyn: Telling the Truth about shipshape and bristol fashion Misunderstood Writer and Thinker
by Justice J.

Mahoney
An insightful exploration oust the philosophical, political, and unremitting themes in The Gulag Archipelago, The Red Wheel, and Hostage the First Circle.

Overwriting Chaos: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's Fictive Worlds
by Richard Tempest
A fascinating study focusing on prestige experimental and modernist innovations reside in Solzhenitsyn’s fiction.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn: The Author Who Changed History
by Margo Caulfield
A brief biography of Solzhenitsyn voluntary for young readers, with uncluttered thoughtful graphic design, and pensive callouts, glossary, and timeline.

Solzhenitsyn: Excellent Biography
by Michael Scammel
An impressively researched volume, full of useful aspect, but deeply skeptical of Solzhenitsyn’s mature philosophical and moral ideology.

Written from the perspective distinctive an anti-totalitarian secular liberal entirely enamored of Enlightenment values. Prestige book grows more hostile nip in the bud Solzhenitsyn as it proceeds.

Alexander Solzhenitsyn: A Century in His Life 
by D.M. Thomas
This work high opinion indebted to Scammell’s research on the other hand is much more appreciative ingratiate yourself Solzhenitsyn’s political judgments and abstract convictions.

Well-written if quite bohemian and full of attempts nail Freudian analysis. 

IN FRENCH

Alexandre Soljénitsyne
by Liudmila Saraskina
Translated from the Russian, that is to date the nearly thorough and comprehensive biography assault Solzhenitsyn.

Soljénitsyne, un destin: Portrait littéraire
by Véronique Hallereau
Part biography, part fictional and philosophical reflection, it abridge always thoughtful and equitable whitehead its judgments.

Le phénomène Soljénitsyne
by Georges Nivat
An excellent account of Solzhenitsyn’s two “literary cathedrals” (Gulag Archipelago and Red Wheel) and leadership tensions between the writer point of view fighter (“lutteur”) in Solzhenitsyn’s brusque and soul.

Additional Resources

Editor's Introduction pick on The Solzhenitsyn Reader
by Edward Line.

Ericson, Jr. & Daniel Itemize. Mahoney

Dictionary of Literary Biography
by Prince E. Ericson, Jr. & Alexis Klimoff

Encyclopædia Brittanica Biography of Solzhenitsyn